This paper considers value functions for maximization problems where the objective function is maximized subject to several constraints. I show that such value functions exhibit diminishing marginal rates of substitution (MRS) between the resource endowments which define the constraints. For the...

We reconsider the out-of-sample forecasting ability of a large number of financial variables with respect to real output growth over the 1985:1--1999:4 period. We show that models including financial variables display almost no forecasting ability relative to an autoregressive benchmark model...