Stock markets during the day are relatively centralized, while night markets, due to the dominance of electronic trading venues, are fragmented. Though electronic markets at night allow more competition for order flow, they may result in decreased order interaction and decreased transparency....

The purpose of this study is to extend the research on mutual fund performance persistence to closed-end funds. Because closed-end funds trade at market prices different from net asset value (NAV) they are used to test both the performance persistence of their NAV and market price returns. While...