This paper explores the influence of operationalism and its corollary, descriptivism, on Paul Samuelson's revealed preference theory as it developed between 1937 and 1948. Samuelson urged the disencumbering of metaphysics from economic theory. As an illustration, he showed how utility could be...

This paper assesses the role that pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) could play in facilitating improved Medicare beneficiary access to pharmaceutical care (which includes access to pharmaceuticals as well as disease management coverage). Based on a literature review and original survey results,...

Background: The debate on access to new drugs has focused on the time lag between applications for approval and granting of marketing authorisation. This delay was identified as the first barrier with respect to patient access to new drugs, encompassing the hurdles of safety, efficacy and...