This book seeks to answer the questions: how do the rules of international treaties on trade and investment apply to the new laws and policies relating to energy-related trade, and do the rules of the multilateral system contribute to or detract from sustainable development? An emerging set of...

In recent decades, free trade agreements have been proliferated and have become a major part of the global trading system, along with the multilateral framework represented by the World Trade Organizations. This article discusses some of the major issues with FTA in relation to the WTO...

Bacterial species Bacillus subtilis is known to exhibit various colony patterns, depending on the substrate softness and nutrient concentration. We have examined the self-affinity and roughness exponent α for growing interfaces of colonies which belong to regions B (Eden-like) and D (disk-like)...

A reversible cluster growth model in which particles (sites) at singly bonded tip positions can evaporate with equal probability and condense on another (or the same) cluster has been investigated using computer simulations. Both two-dimensional (square lattice) and three-dimensional (cubic...

In recent decades, free trade agreements have been proliferated and have become a major part of the global trading system, along with the multilateral framework represented by the World Trade Organizations. This article discusses some of the major issues with FTA in relation to the WTO...