In the literature on unobservable component models , three main statistical instruments have been used for signal extraction: fixed interval smoothing (FIS), which derives from Kalman's seminal work on optimal state-space filter theory in the time domain; Wiener-Kolmogorov-Whittle optimal signal...

This book explores globalisation and the war on terror in a world that is becoming increasingly and significantly polarised and in which dialogue is undermined. The authors contend that citizenship does not obey a static definition, and that its meaning is located in changing economic, social...

Purpose – Since the early 1990s there has been a growth in local authorities of risk management. However, despite a range of different strategies, initiatives and practices the issue of financing the risks to which authorities are exposed has remained problematic. The traditional dependence on...