Micro–macro models associate the coarse-grained molecular scale of the kinetic theory to the macroscopic scale of continuum mechanics. The conservation equations are solved along with the microscopic equation or the so-called Fokker–Planck equation. In this paper, a micro–macro approach...

This paper presents and assesses a procedure to generate recursive measures of aggregate total wealth and portfolio return. The procedure is more flexible and yields more realistic measures, compared to the classical replacement cost and present value methods.

Measuring the effects of discretionary fiscal policy is both difficult and controversial, as some explicit or implicit identifying assumptions need to be made to isolate exogenous and unanticipated changes in taxes and government spending. Studies based on structural vector autoregressions...

This paper gauges the strength of precautionary saving motives by estimating the coefficient of prudence from the U.K. Family Expenditure Survey data set (a time series of cross-sections). The instrumental variables estimates reveal that greater uncertainty systematically leads to larger current...