In order to resolving climate change and energy security issues, one of the promising technology solutions is photovoltaic (PV). So far, the dominant policy measures and paradigm have been evolved from net-metering and/or investment grants to feed in tariff (FIT), renewable portfolio standards...

Biomass based oxygenated fuels have been identified as possible replacement of fossil fuel due to pollutant emission reduction and decrease in over-reliance on fossil fuel energy. In this study, 4v% water-containing ethanol was mixed with (65–90%) diesel using (5–30%) biodiesel (BD) and 1v%...

A mixed-integer non-linear programming model that minimises the total regulatory costs of controlling nitrogen oxide is used to investigate how a newly proposed permit trading scheme in Taiwan, which incorporates the features of banking and a non-one-to-one trading ratio, may affect firms'...

Shadow prices indicate implicit values of limited resources at the margin and provide important information in decision making for resource management. In continuous economic models, shadow prices associated with demand-supply balance constraints represent consumers' willingness to pay and...

This study investigates the effects of changes in monetary policy on the stock performance of hospitality firms (airlines, hotels, restaurants and tourism firms) in Hong Kong. Changes in the monetary policy environment are measured by changes in the discount rate. Among the four hospitality...

Land subsidence attributable to the overuse of groundwater has resulted in severe damage in both urban and rural areas and in developed and developing countries. By incorporating the externality of groundwater use in aquacultural farming, we analyse how the government can mitigate the land...