Empirical evidence suggests that banks often engage in refinancing of intrinsically insolvent debtors instead of writing off their nonperforming loans. Such forbearance lending may induce soft budget constraints for the debtors, diminishing their incentives to thwart default. This paper...

We present a class of dynamic general-equilibrium models of education, innovation and technology transfer to explain the evolution of industries and aggregate growth in closed and open economies. Firms employ educated workers in order to develop higher-quality products. The realization of...

Summary Based on a stochastic dynamic model of a firm's optimal innovative behavior we derive a simultaneous equation system for product and process innovations with intertemporal spillover effects. We estimate various versions of the model with dichotomous innovation data at the firm level by...