This paper analyses the behaviour of a Wald-type test, i.e., the (Efficient) Fractional Dickey-Fuller (EFDF) test of I(1) against I(d), d1, relative to LM tests. Further, it extends the implementation of the EFDF test to the presence of deterministic trending components in the DGP. Tests of...

This paper shows that when series are fractionally integrated, but unit root tests wrongly indicate that they are I(1), Johansen likelihood ratio (LR) tests tend to find too much spurious cointegration, while the Engle-Granger test presents a more robust performance. This result holds...

We define the extreme values of any random sample of size n from a distribution function F as the observations exceeding a threshold and following a type of generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) involving the tail index of F. The threshold is the order statistic that minimizes a...