The empirical work on local public finance has found that the marginal effect of lump-sum grants on expenditure is larger than that of income, thereby providing evidence of the “flypaper effect”. However, most existing studies only employ single equation models to test the flypaper effect....

We analyze the development of 18 types of criminal records in Japan for the period 1991–2001 across 47 prefectures with spatial lag and spatio-temporal heteroscedasticity. We explore the hypothesis that crime data are related to socio-economic variables in Japan. We extend the Bayesian...

Regional electricity demand in Japan and spatial interaction among the regions using a Bayesian approach were examined. A spatial autoregressive (SAR) ARMA model was proposed to consider the features of electricity demand in Japan and a strategy of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods was...