General introduction -- Introduction -- A short history of the patent system -- Foundations of patent systems -- An introduction to patent law and policy instruments -- Introduction -- The optimal patent term -- Patent scope -- Patent breadth -- The non-obviousness standard -- Introduction --...

When the home country introduces a patent law after the winner of the patent race is known, the country's welfare may rise only if the domestic firm wins. If the home country decides before the patent race ends, the welfare may be increased when the probability that the domestic firm wins is...

The paper examines the effects of the degree of competition on firms'decisions to innovate in differentiated markets. Firms favor productinnovations if they produce close substitutes (so competition is severe) andfavor process innovations if products are differentiated (so competition isless...

Asian firms frequently have to undercut domestic prices and subsidize switching costs in order to obtain a positive market share when entering European and the US markets. Such practices constitute dumping under Article VI of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. We demonstrate that the...

Unemployment in Open Economies studies how domestic labour markets are influenced by a changing international environment. It combines the recently developed search and matching models with standard models of international trade. By this method, the reader gains new insights in the ongoing...