. Learning a new language is an investment in human capital. Migrants must learn the language of their destination country, but … have shown that fluency in a dominant language is important to economic success and increases economic efficiency. However …, maintaining linguistic diversity also has value since language is also an expression of people's culture. …

emphasis on their advantages and disadvantages. The recent immigration policies of a number of major immigrant … and international students is discussed, as is and the recent emergence of two-step immigration policies that favor … temporary migrants already in the country as sources of permanent immigration. An overview of key results in the literature on …

migrants arrive. Thus, it is increasingly important to consider what role differences in culture and language play in migration … decisions. Recent work shows that culture and language may explain migration patterns to developed countries even better than … in culture and language may create barriers that prevent the full realization of the potential economic gains from …

Immigration is an important problem in many societies, and it has wide-ranging eects on the educational systems of host … family immigration in a framework where school quality and student outcomes are determined endogenously. This allows us to …, we can study the eect of immigration on the school system and how school quality may self-reinforce immigrants' and …

for education, language, and employment. Such policies can also reduce barriers to entry, encourage naturalization, and …

demand and technology, production expansion, and specialization of native workers as immigration rises. …