Making goods evolved over several centuries from craft production to complex and highly automated manufacturing processes. A companion paper by R. Jaikumar documents the transformation of firearms manufacture through six distinct epochs, each accompanied by radical changes in the nature of work....

Many observers are dissatisfied with the current condition of privately owned electric utilities in the United States. Numerous proposals have been made for change, including suggestions to deregulate all or part of the industry.' Those who favor deregulation argue that electric power systems,...

An electrical system is modelled with a transmission network, customers, central generators, and independent generators. The system is subject to stochastic failures and stochastic demand parameters. Optimal spot prices are derived for the system. They vary stochastically with space and time,...

Rapid technological learning is critical to commercial success in VLSI semiconductor manufacturing. This learning is done through deliberate activities, especially various types of experimentation. Such experiments are vulnerable to confounding by process noise, caused by process variability....

1 Overview -- 1.1 Goal of Book -- 1.2 Three Steps to an Energy Marketplace -- 1.3 How Will Customers Respond? -- 1.4 Energy Marketplace Operation: A Developed Country -- 1.5 Energy Marketplace Operation: A Developing Country -- 1.6 Discussion of Chapter 1 -- I: The Energy Marketplace -- Preface...