In this paper a practical robust simulation estimator is proposed for the dynamic panel data discrete choice models using the <InlineEquation ID="IEq3"> <EquationSource Format="TEX">$$t$$</EquationSource> <EquationSource Format="MATHML"> <math xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <mi>t</mi> </math> </EquationSource> </InlineEquation> distribution. The maximum simulated likelihood estimators are obtained through a recursive algorithm formulated by Geweke–Hajivassiliou–Keane...</equationsource></equationsource></inlineequation>

In order to distinguish the true and spurious state dependence from the complicated dynamics of union membership, the simulation estimators incorporating the lagged dependent variables, unobserved individual heterogeneity and correlations among the errors are implemented in this article to study...