This paper contributes to an empirical validation of R&D outsourcing by integrating the influence of internal capabilities, network resources and appropriation mechanisms. Internal capabilities refer to internal R&D and human capital. Network resources account for decisions to outsource R&D...

This paper analyses behavioural additionality of subsidies by regional and EU framework programme public funding granted to business enterprises in terms of the ‘instalment’ of research cooperation between industry and science. Acknowledging their specificities in terms of research...

This article aims to assess whether firms' strategies of R&D outsourcing determine changes in their internal R&D employment intensity. Four strategic decisions are investigated: to start, increase, decrease or stop outsourcing. It is found that internal R&D employment intensity decreases when...

Open innovation is about firms’ external relations with other firms and organisations. It is a topic which has attracted an immense amount of attention, but which has also been heavily criticised due to the diversity of the ideas and fuzziness of its key concepts. To date, the bulk of the...

In this article we assess the impact of public support for R&D activities on the educational mix of R&D employees in private companies. Data on tax incentives in support of R&D activities of companies in Belgium are matched with R&D survey data to investigate changes in the share of R&D...

Open innovation is about firms’ external relations with other firms and organisations. It is a topic which has attracted an immense amount of attention, but which has also been heavily criticised due to the diversity of the ideas and fuzziness of its key concepts. To date, the bulk of the...