As most developed countries, France has gone over the last 20 years through a process of pension system reforms, mainly aiming at increasing the average retirement age, through increasing the required number of contribution years or through postponing legal (minimal and/or normal) ages. Public...

The aim of this article is to analyse the question of career interruptions and to evaluate their impact on pension retirement for French private sector workers. Using the last French survey on households’ wealth (2003–2004), we first study the career set-backs for individuals born between...

WTO, OECD with many others, suggest the trade in value-added would be a ?better? measure than gross value to understand the impact of trade on employment, growth, production etc. We use in this work an Input-Output table for 2008, to calculate the value-added exported by Brazilian states. We...

We consider the impact of MERCOSUR on trade among Brazilian states and on trade by Brazilian states with MERCOSUR and the rest of the world. We use a theoretically founded gravity model to shed light on MERCOSUR’s possible creation and diversion effects as well as its “preference erosion”...

Literature about strategic trade policy (Brender, Krugman, ...) has been concerned only with implicit internal strategic trade policies. We define them as policy tools targeting exclusively the behavior of national firms. In duopolistic terms, the goal is to move the reaction function of the...

[eng] Cinema is a specific industry characterized by high fixed costs, non-rivalry of consumers, an exogenous price and different channels of diffusion. Despite of the boom of rival media (TV, recorders, DVD, etc.), the cinema in theaters is a growing industry which reinforces the domination of...