The empirical literature on China's outward foreign direct investment mainly relies on aggregate data from official statistics, but the reliability of such data is currently a matter of concern because it does not take account of relevant features such as industry breakdown, ownership structure...

We explore the impact of FDI and imports on the upgrading of African exports. We find that South–South flows impact differently from North–South ones on the ability of recipients to absorb the positive spillovers. Results support the view that South–South integration has a strong potential...

type="main" xml:id="twec12091-abs-0001" <title type="main">Abstract</title> <p>This paper aims at assessing whether and how the rise of new countries as important suppliers to the world's leading car producers has changed the structure of the international organisation of auto production over the last decade or has simply...</p>