Monte Carlo simulation is commonly used for computing prices of derivative securities when an analytical solution does not exist. Recently, a new simulation technique known as empirical martingale simulation (EMS) has been proposed by Duan and Simonato (1998) as a way of improving simulation...

Linearized versions of the Nelson–Siegel (1987) and Svensson (1994) models for the cross-sectional estimation of spot yield curves from samples of coupon bonds are developed and analyzed. It is shown how these models can be made linear in the level, slope and curvature parameters and how prior...

Road safety policies often use incentive mechanisms based on traffic violations to promote safe driving-—for example, fines, experience rating, and point-record driver's licenses. We analyze the effectiveness of these mechanisms in promoting safe driving. We derive their theoretical properties...