The objective of this paper is to determine whether ERM-participating countries have experienced a change in the effectiveness of monetary and fiscal policies since the establishment of the ERM. Countries which have come to rely more heavily on fiscal policy instruments as the means of output,...

Social trust positively contributes to secondary education enrollment rates in a cross-section of countries. Country-specific characteristics that are significant in explaining secondary school enrollment include the degree of income inequality and the percent of the population identified as Muslim.

We use a long series of annual data that span over 100 years to examine the relationship between output growth and its uncertainty in five European countries. Using the GARCH methodology to proxy uncertainty, we obtain two important results. First, more uncertainty about output leads to a higher...

This paper investigates the links between inflation, its uncertainty and economic growth in five ASEAN countries over the period 1980: Q1–2011: Q3. We rely on the Exponential GARCH (EGARCH) model to explore the causal relationship among the three variables. The major findings are: (i)...

We use historical data that cover more than one century on real GDP for industrial countries and employ the Pesaran panel unit root test that allows for cross-sectional dependence to test for a unit root on real GDP. At first, we find strong evidence against the unit root null. Our results seem...

The paper tests for long-run monetary policy convergence and short-run policy interactions in seven ERM countries over the 1979-1992 period using the approach of multivariate cointegration and Granger-causality tests. The authors provide evidence for very little monetary policy convergence, even...

Models fiscal policy interactions between fiscal authorities and private investors in the foreign exchange market in a game-theoretic framework. Using a two-period game, I consider the credible and noncredible announcements of the domestic fiscal authority with respect to the stance of its...