<italic>This article aims to demonstrate how the industry characteristics of manufacturing sectors affect the patterns of their spatial agglomeration. It also addresses several intricate issues concerning the measurement of localization economies and estimation of their main determinants in...</italic>

The paper first conducts an analysis of the patterns and trends in the business regulatory systems in ASEAN countries over time, which reveals the effectiveness of the regulations and the ease of doing business (EDB) across ASEAN. After sorting out the relevant business regulatory and control...