This article considers innovation accounting using an Error Correction Model and Directed Acyclical Graphs (DAGs) on 10 Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) aggregations of daily US equity values over the years 1995 to 2003. The GICS equity aggregates studied are: Consumer...

The role of expectations in the empirical analysis of agricultural supply is examined under the assumption of separation of expectations and constraints in dynamic decision making. Extrapolative, adaptive, implicit, rational and quasi-rational, and futures-based models of expectation formation...