Variable geometry ought to imply "variably geometry Europe" as variable geometry or differentiated integration in the European Union has reached its limits. Drawing on the lessons of the Eurozone crisis and of Brexit, this chapter argues that (treaty-based) variable geometry or differentiated...

The EU has long viewed economic and institutional convergence as important goals, but the results thus far have been decidedly mixed, and there remain several open questions: How exactly should convergence be defined? How much convergence is necessary? What steps can be taken to improve...

A time-dependent function, namely the First-Passage-Time Location function, is introduced in the context of the study of first-passage-times. From this function, a strategy is developed in order to solve numerically the Volterra integral equation of the second kind verified by the...