Several recent technological standards were accompanied by patent pools?arrangements to license relevant intellectual property as a package. A key distinction made by regulators?between patents essential to a standard and patents with substitutes?has not been addressed in the theoretical...

I study price competition in settings where end products are combinations of components supplied by different monopolists, nesting standard models of perfect complements and imperfect substitutes. I show sufficient conditions for a discrete-choice demand system to yield demand for each product...

In private-value ascending auctions, the winner's willingness to pay is not observed, leading to underidentification of many econometric models. I calculate tight bounds on expected revenue and optimal reserve price for the case of symmetric and affiliated private values.