"There are large and important differences between blacks and whites in nearly every facet of life - earnings, unemployment, incarceration, health, and so on. This chapter contains three themes. First, relative to the 20th century, the significance of discrimination as an explanation for racial...

"Nearly one million American youth have participated in service programs such as Peace Corps and Teach For America. This paper provides the first causal estimate of the impact of service programs on those who serve, using data from a web-based survey of former Teach For America applicants. We...

"The racial achievement gap in education is an important social problem to which decades of research have yielded no scalable solutions. Recent evidence from 'No Excuses' charter schools - which demonstrates that some combination of school inputs can educate the poorest minority children -...