In this chapter, we illustrate some classic spatial models. We provide a collection of the principal classic spatial models, by illustrating their characteristics and their main results. In particular, we discuss the Hotelling linear market and the Salop circular market, both under uniform...

According to Chang et al. (2013), social welfare under licensing is lower than under no-licensing if the R&D efficiency is high. We show that this result is not correct, as when R&D efficiency is high social welfare is higher under licensing than under no-licensing.