Summary The present paper uses the P-Star approach to analyze the real and price effects of German monetary policy on the basis of a multivariate vector-error-correction-model. One surprising result is that the Bundesbank does not cause the price effects of its monetary policy actions directly...

Summary The introduction of the euro coins in 2002 presented a unique opportunity to study the crossborder migration and the mixing process of coins in different euro-area countries. This note analyses how many euro coins flow from and into Germany and which composition of coins is to be...

In this article, we analyse the volume of euro banknotes issued by Germany that circulate abroad. Inferences are drawn from a coin model. Our approach suggests that foreign demand has increased since 2002. At the end of 2009 nearly 50%, the equivalent of €170 billion, is held outside the euro...

In this paper, we analyse the volume of euro banknotes issued by Germany within the euro area with several seasonal methods. We draw a distinction between movements within Germany, circulation outside Germany but within the euro area and demand from non-euro-area countries. Our approach suggests...

In this paper, we analyze the volume of Euro banknotes issued by Germany and circulating in other Euro area countries as well as outside the Euro area with a banknotes’ age model. Our approach suggests that about 60% of banknotes, the equivalent of around € 225 billion, is held abroad.

We analyse if and to what extent fundamental macroeconomic factors, temporary influences or more structural factors have contributed to the low levels of US bond yields over the last few years. For that purpose, we start with a general model of interest rate determination. The empirical part...