Purpose – For a long time, the winter maintenance of the Swedish road and railway network had been performed in-house by Swedish Transport Administration, Swedish local authorities i.e. municipalities and Stockholm public transport. During the last 15 years the winter operation and maintenance...

Purpose: The purpose of this article is to study how fair values in financial reports are audited. Design/methodology/approach: The study is a qualitative case study based on in-depth interviews. Findings: One important finding is that auditors anchor in the figure presented by the company, and...

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe and analyse the methods and standards of valuation used by Swedish professional property valuers when appraising commercial properties and factors affecting those standards. The study builds on a 2002 comparative study of valuers in four...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to discuss how the concepts market value (MV) and exit price should be interpreted in thin markets and how accounting rules may need to change to take this into account. Design/methodology/approach: This is a conceptual paper using hypothetical examples as...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to clarify the concept of bubble, what it means to explain a bubble and propose a list of bubble indicators. Design/methodology/approach – The paper is based on a literature review and some philosophical ideas to derive conclusions for the problems...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to try to explain how long‐term mismanagement of a housing estate could arise in a country with a strong legal framework aimed at preventing such situations. Design/methodology/approach – Assuming that both tenants and landlords are rational, the...

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is discuss value concepts that can be a complement to current market value, and discuss whether information about these value types can reduce the risk of bubbles. Design/methodology/approach – The study is primarily a critical comment on concepts and...

An income tax can have side effects like decreased labor supply and lower effort levels. These side effects are important to consider in the decision of whether to introduce the tax. The terms deadweight lossand excess burdenare used by mainstream economists in this context. In this article, it...