In this paper, a rectangular layer-packing algorithm (RLPA) combined with modified genetic algorithm (GA) or particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is developed to solve the problem with emerging restraints, which is raised from the two-dimensional rectangular packing problem with some...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to propose a localizability-based particle filtering localization algorithm for mobile robots to maintain localization accuracy in the high-occluded and dynamic environments with moving people. Design/methodology/approach – First, the localizability of...