We consider a model of optimal apportionment in which individuals derive utility from the probability that the collective decision matches their own will. We suggest an iterative algorithm for the numerical optimization of the utilitarian social welfare function and apply it to the case of the...

This paper provides a theoretical foundation that supports the degressive proportionality principle in apportionment problems, such as the allocation of seats in a federal parliament. The utility assigned by an individual to a constitutional rule is a function of the frequency with which each...