The purpose of this paper is to identify the sources of variation in firm performance. This is one of the cornerstones of strategy research, i.e. the relative importance of industry and firm-level effects on firm performance. Multilevel analysis is well suited to analyze variance in performance...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the knowledge of precarious and low-quality jobs with the study of toilet attendants, an ideal typical case of low-wage manual service workers who are excluded from secure wages, decent working conditions, and employment protection....

This article develops and applies a method to estimate the revenues of beggars in Brussels. This is relevant for three reasons. First, in the literature on the informal economy, we lack reliable empirical knowledge of informal street-level activities like begging, substantiating the expectation...

Purpose – An ongoing discussion in strategic management concerns the relative impact of specific strategic decisions on firm performance. In line with that tradition, this research seeks to analyze the relative impact of business domain choices on firm performance. More specifically, it aims...

Business definition (either explicitly or implicitly defined) matters in the construction sector in Belgium. A business is a three-dimensional 'strategic space' within an industry, defined by the buyer types targeted, product types sold and geographical reach. The research setting is one of...

The paper describes six major approaches within strategic groups research: the industrial organization perspective (the IO-view), the strategic choice perspective, the strategy types perspective, the cognitive perspective, the customer perspective, and the business definition perspective. The...

This paper paves the path towards defining a research agenda for competence based strategic management theory. The central question for the research agenda ultimately is: “What elements can cause (and explain) variation in organizational outcomes between firms within an industry in the short...

The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the use of statistical techniques to evaluate the effectiveness of voluntary policy instruments for waste management. The voluntary character of these instruments implies that latent characteristics, unobserved by the analyst, might influence the...

Empirical research on the characteristics of environmentally responsive companies has focussed on US and Japanese companies. For Europe, which is commonly considered as the greenest of the three major markets, similar research is lacking. This paper seeks to fill this gap by empirically...