Markets during the New Deal operated under a number of different institutional regimes, which were marked by executive orders, the passage of various pieces of legislation, and Supreme Court rulings on their constitutionality. Specifically, we break the New Deal period into the following six...

Introduction -- The underpinnings, precursors, and development of the NIRA -- The NIRA code negotiation process -- The president's reemployment agreement of August 1933 -- Codes of fair competition: industrial planning and collusion under the NIRA -- The NIRA compliance mechanism in theory and...

We semiparametrically estimate average causal effects of different lengths of exposure to academic and vocational instruction in the Job Corps (JC) under the assumption that selection into different lengths is based on a rich set of observed covariates and time-invariant factors. We find that...

During the New Deal the Roosevelt Administration dramatically expanded relief spending to combat extraordinarily high rates of unemployment. We examine the dynamic relationships between relief spending and local private labor markets using a new panel data set of monthly relief, private...

Among adults the causal ‘drinking bonus’ and ‘smoking penalty’ have been estimated to be as large as 12% and 24%, respectively. The magnitudes of these effects compare in size with many active labour market programs targeted at low-income young adults. This article extends the literature...