A conventional argument in the child-labour debate is that improvements in access to schools are an effective way to reduce the labour force participation of children. It is argued that schooling competes with economic activity in the use of children's time, and enhanced access to schools,...

Using data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (NLSY), this paper investigates the effect of plausible credit constraints on the cyclicality of teen college enrolments. It is found that teens from wealthier families are more likely to attend college in regional recessions. However,...

This paper examines gender differences in the sensitivity of primary school enrollment to the costs of post-primary schooling in rural Pakistan. Of all measures of the costs of schooling, only distance from primary school is found to be a statistically significant determinant of female primary...

Summary This paper examines the effect of household access to microcredit upon work by 7-11-year-old children in rural Malawi. Given that microcredit organizations foster household enterprises wherein much child labor is engaged, this paper aims to discover whether access to microcredit might...

This study examines the effect of North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), an instance of North-South trade liberalization, on returns to skill in Mexico. Mexico is abundant in low-skill workers relative to the US and Canada, and so, by the Heckscher-Ohlin-Samuelson trade model, NAFTA ought...

Increasing workforce participation among single mothers is the primary goal of recent welfare reform measures. This article shows that increased workforce participation in the mid to late 1990s led to improvements in the economic well-being of non-metropolitan and metropolitan area families...

This article examines young adult migration from non-metropolitan counties to either different non-metropolitan counties or to metropolitan areas. The results show that expected gains in initial earnings provide young entrants to the labor force with a marked incentive to migrate from their...