The quality of potable water has been a major issue in the water industry for the last few decades. The deterioration of treated water can be due to physical, chemical or microbiological changes that occur in the water during distribution. In addition, pipe material and decay of a disinfectant...

Due to increasing water scarcity, accelerating industrialization and urbanization, efficiency of irrigation water use in Northern China needs urgent improvement. Based on a sample of 347 wheat growers in the Guanzhong Plain, this paper simultaneously estimates a production function, and its...

Water shortage is a serious problem in most countries in theMiddle East. Irrigation water consumes about three-fourths of theavailable fresh water resources in Jordam and many othercountries in the region. This article presents a practical approachto manage and optimize the irrigation water use...

Appropriate water resource allocation in dry land area is very important for farm management. Although very few systems for water distribution have efficient pricing, water resources should be allocated so that the marginal cost equals the marginal value product of water for all uses and users....

The problem of allocation of limited water resources for multiple and diverse activities with growing demand calls for the need to develop appropriate tools for water valorization. This work develops a methodology to estimate the economic value of water in a basin with large hydropower...

Virtual water, understood as the volume of water needed to produce a good or service, in the context of trade among countries, allows assessing the relative dependency of different countries on imported virtual water. The assessment of virtual water flows in virtual water trade studies is...

Along with the economic development in Canada, the shortage of irrigation water has become a serious concern (Bouwer <CitationRef CitationID="CR1">1993</CitationRef>; Hennessy <CitationRef CitationID="CR7">1993</CitationRef>). In this study, a model of Dynamic Dual Interval Programming (DDIP) is developed and applied to the irrigation water allocation systems with uncertainty. DDIP...</citationref></citationref>

The present work aims to define a methodological approach to quantify and analyse the effects of instruments of investment incentives (tax incentives and financial) on the demand for investment in water saving, taking into account the economic conditions and in particular its agricultural...

Moisture, as free water or atmospheric humidity, is a driving force in the biology and ecology of Phytophthora capsici. Free water and soil matric potential are significant factors affecting mycelial growth, sporangial formation, zoospore release, and oospore production of this pathogen. Soil...