European health care systems are facing diverse challenges. In health policy, strong primary care is seen as key to deal with these challenges. European countries differ in how strong their primary care systems are. Two groups of traditionally weak primary care systems are distinguished. First a...

[fre] Lorsque les modalités de réponse à une question d'évaluation subjective sont utilisées différemment par des répondants, on dit que celles-ci sont affectées par un « biais d'item » ou par un effet de type DIF (Differential Item Functioning). Les réponses doivent alors être...

Objectives Since 2006 France experiences an innovative version of Gate-keeping which aims at regulating access to outpatient specialist care. We describe the reform's initial objectives, the political pathway which lead to the implementation of a reshaped reform and discuss the first outcomes...

[fre] Cet article justifie l'idée d'un financement collectif et obligatoire des dépenses de soins, en rappelant les deux arguments sur lesquels elle est fondée (efficacité et équité), puis en tentant de répondre aux 3 tendances visant aujourd'hui à en limiter le champ (définition du...

[eng] Simulation of the Redistributive Effects of Different Methods for Improving the Selectivity of Family Allowances . by Michel Grignon and Antoine Math . This paper evaluates the redistributive effects of different reforms aimed at improving the selectivity of family allowances. The...

To obtain, over medium term periods, wind speed time series on a site, located in the southern part of the Paris region (France), where long recording are not available, but where nearby meteorological stations provide large series of data, use was made of ANN based models. The performance of...

Migration economics is a dynamic, fast-growing research area with significant and rising policy relevance. While its scope is continually extending, there is no authoritative treatment of its various branches in one volume. Written by 44 leading experts in the field, this carefully commissioned...

In this study I exploit the findings of a population survey in which I had the opportunity to introduce questions on time preferences. The study uses retrospective data to estimate the relationship between present-biased preferences and the decisions to start and quit smoking. Respondents...

In France, public health insurance is universal but incomplete, with private payments accounting for roughly 25% of all spending. As a result, most people have supplemental private health insurance. We investigate the effects of such insurance on the utilization of physician services using data...