type="main" xml:id="imre12144-abs-0001" <p>When the International Migration Review was established half a century ago, international migration was a peripheral area of research, and migration issues were far less prominent on policy agendas than they are today. This essay introduces the 50th...</p>

Border and interior enforcement, legal penalties, and the market for smugglers distinguish undocumented migration from legal migration and introduce a number of challenges for migrants, employers, law enforcement, and policymakers. This chapter reviews the theoretical models and empirical...

Border enforcement of immigration laws attempts to raise the costs of illegal immigration, while interior enforcement also lowers the benefits. Border and interior enforcement therefore reduce the net benefits of illegal immigration and should lower the probability that an individual will decide...