This paper outlines economic threshold models developed by various authors as an aid to decision-making about pest management and their applicability to pests of livestock. The definitional confusions relating to economic threshold models are raised as are limitations for applying threshold...

In the wake of the recent global financial crisis central banks and regulators are concerned about redirection of bailout funds into dividends. Yet, we do not know much about the extent banks follow dividend policies and funding decisions optimal to generating shareholders? wealth because banks...