Constructing a two-country oligopolistic model with product differentiation, this paper revisits welfare effects of free trade. The hybrid of procompetitive and variety expansion effects means that trade liberalization has definite benefits for the consumer, while it is contingent whether it is...

This paper develops a model of an export oligopoly to examine the welfare effects of an export tax reduction and a production tax increase that makes the foreign country no-worse off. Whether or not entry into the oligopolistic industry is free, the proposed policy reform is shown to reduce...