A programming problem is introduced which calculates efficiency scores for two jointly produced products. These scores, as well as Malmquist total factor productivity indices, were calculated and reported for both the crop and livestock sectors for 27 countries. Our two-score method allows us to...

Health and safety officials are sometimes placed in an awkward position: knowing that a foodborne disease outbreak is occurring but not knowing which food is responsible. They have to advise consumers, but relying on ambiguous and evolving information raises the question, how do consumers...

The objective of this article is to measure the degree of competition among retail stores to sell a specific brand of a product. For this purpose, we estimate brand-specific demand equations along with first order conditions from stores' profit maximization. In stores' profit maximization, we...