This paper provides a quantitative analysis of how the changing dual economic structure and urbanization affect inequality in Asia. Focusing on data for four countries—the Peoples’ Republic of China, India, Indonesia, and the Philippines—the paper asks three questions. First, how much of...

The academic literature on equality of opportunity has burgeoned. The concepts and measures have begun to be used by policy institutions, including in specific sectors such as health and education. It is argued that one advantage of focusing on equality of opportunity is that policy makers are...

August 1995 - In urban areas of Côte d'Ivoire, human capital is the endowment that best explains welfare changes over time. In rural areas, physical capital - especially the amount of land and farm equipment owned - matters most. Empirical investigations of poverty in developing countries tend...

China's phenomenal economic growth since 1979 is seen by many as a challenge to the belief that the clarification of property rights is a necessary step of successful transition from a planned economy to a market economy. Instead of mass and rapid privatization, reforms in the Chinese state...

A computable general equilibrium model is constructed to simulate the Chinese economy under a system of free markets, and is estimated using a calibration procedure coupled with econometric estimation for key parameters. The equilibrium solution of the model indicates substantial distortions in...

The far-reaching changes in the economic environment in China since the start of the reform period have directly affected enterprise behaviour and have important implications for future enterprise reform. The growth of market transactions has been accompanied by an increase in competition which...