High frequency arbitrage opportunities sometimes arise when the price of one asset follows, with a lag, changes in the value of another related asset due to information arrival. These opportunities are toxic because they expose liquidity suppliers to the risk of being picked off by arbitrageurs....

In this paper, we investigate the role of execution risk in high-frequency trading through arbitrage strategies. We show that if rational agents face uncertainty about completing their arbitrage portfolios, then arbitrage is limited even in markets with perfect substitutes and convertibility....

This paper provides what we believe to be the first empirical test of whether investors in the foreign exchange market are uncertainty averse. We do this using a heterogeneous agents model in which fundamentalist and chartist beliefs of the exchange rate co-exist and are allowed to be either...

In this paper we study the problem of the optimal portfolio selection with transaction costs for a decision-maker who is faced with Knightian uncertainty. The decision-maker's portfolio consists of one risky and one risk-free asset, and we assume that the transaction costs are proportional to...