This paper proves the Li (2009) [13] unawareness structure equivalent to the single-agent propositionally generated logic of awareness of Fagin and Halpern (1988) [4]. For any model of one type one can construct a model of the other type describing the same belief and awareness. Li starts from...

Presents the principles of thirty six Chinese classical strategies which includes strategies for attack, strength, confrontation, confusion, gaining ground and desperate situations. Applies these to strategic planning and marketing rather than the traditional use on battlefields. Uses anecdotal...

Purpose – This paper aims to analyze and benchmark the operating efficiency of resale shops run by a charity organization and to suggest strategies for improved operations. Design/methodology/approach – Data envelopment analysis (DEA) was used to compare the operations of nine resale shops...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compile and prioritize necessary strategies to produce electrical energy from fossil resources in the Iranian power industry. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) and internal and...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how to use structuration theory as a benchmarking tool to analyze the formulation of a national strategy. Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents a longitudinal case study of the telecommunications industry of China. Findings – The...

Purpose – This paper aims to present an application of the technology roadmapping approach for exploring the implications of technologies converging for a service sector. Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses the fundamental concepts behind creating a technology roadmap. These include...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to assess the performance of an online benchmarking tool developed for logistics service users and providers to provide alternative service option in Europe. Design/methodology/approach – First, conduct desktop research including but not limited to...

Purpose – Using the numerical situation analysis (NSA) technique in the development of corporate strategy provides senior managers with a suitable methodology for the creation of alternative strategic options. Subsequently, it may be used to evaluate those options for possible selection and...