Though horizon and portfolio problems are commonly thought to limit cooperatives' ability to capitalize on investment opportunities, empirical inquiry into the existence of these constraints is sparse, and recent conceptual arguments suggest that the horizon problem in particular may be less...

Purpose: A financial perspective of farmer cooperative performance is assumed by conceptualizing the cooperative as an independent firm. The purpose of this paper is to explore variability in the financial performance of the largest 1,000 US farmer cooperatives with emphasis on efficiency,...