type="main" <p>We investigate the interplay between the distribution of ownership, short sale constraints, and market efficiency. Using minute-by-minute data during the period surrounding the short sale ban of 2008, we demonstrate that short sale restrictions cause price disparities among...</p>

We measure arbitrage opportunities by comparing the intraday prices and quotes of American Depositary Receipts (ADRs) and other types of cross-listed shares in U.S. markets with synchronous prices of their home-market shares on a currency-adjusted basis for a sample of 506 U.S. cross-listed...

Using intraday prices for the S&amp;P 500 and Nikkei Stock Average stock indexes and aggregate trading volume for the New York and Tokyo Stock Exchanges, we show how short-run comovements between national stock market returns vary over time in a way related to the trading volume and liquidity in...