Using US data, we estimate optimal policy with a probability below one that the Fed reneges on its commitment ("limited credibility") versus discretionary policy where the Fed reneges on its commitment at all periods with a probability equal to one ("zero credibility"). The transmission...

This paper compares different implementations of monetary policy in a new-Keynesian setting. We can show that a shift from Ramsey optimal policy under short-term commitment (based on a negative feedback mechanism) to a Taylor rule (based on a positive feedback mechanism) corresponds to a Hopf...

The confidence in the market mechanisms for clearing all markets splits the economic profession. In this book, not only the existing business cycle literature is examined within the framework of economic stability, but also the market structure and the interaction of markets are analysed in...

This paper shows that rules of optimal policy under commitment allow policymakers to lean against bubbles and to stabilize an unstable economy. In this framework, policymakers anchor the initial values of the expectations of the private sector. Then, this paper sets identification conditions for...

In multiple regressions, explanatory variables with simple correlation coefficients with the dependent variable below 0.1 in absolute value (such as aid/gross domestic product (GDP) with GDP growth) face a problem of parameter identification. They may have very large, statistically significant,...