Introduction -- Regulations and taxations of leveraged etfs -- Mechanics of leveraged exchange-traded funds -- Return dynamics and compounding effects -- Pricing efficiency -- Performance and tracking errors of LETF -- Trading strategies -- Options on LETFs

Real estate investment has been generally accepted as a value-adding proposition for a portfolio investor. Such an impression is not only shared by investment professionals and financial advisors but also appears to be supported by an overwhelming amount of research in the academic literature....

We investigate whether the spread of corporate debt contacts can be explained by their ultimate recovery rates. Using the actual realized recovery rates of defaulted debt instruments issued in the US from 1962 to 2007, we find that recovery rate is reflected in the spread at issuance, and that...