Purpose: The study investigates the impact of external shocks on output composition (consumption and investment) in Nigeria for the period 1981:Q1– 2018:Q4. Trade-weighted variables from the country's five major trading partners are constructed to capture the impact....

This paper investigates the relationship between nominal exchange rate volatility and dollarization in Nigeria by applying Granger causality test for the period 1986 (1)-2003 (4). Previous theoretical and empirical studies on this issue provided conflicting results. The empirical results of...

Informal associations are typical features of farm and non-farm ventures especially within rural communities. Owing to the informality of these associations, members of the groups usually evolve strategies to cope with different kinds of economic and social shocks such as the COVID-19 pandemic...