The purpose of this study is to determine the causality between trade deficit and government expenditures in the Turkish economy. We employ bootstrap process-based Toda-Yamamoto causality and frequency domain analysis methods. Results obtained from both methods imply that there is a...

The purpose of this study is to determine the direction causality between nuclear energy consumption and economic growth in OECD countries. The empirical model that includes capital and labor force as the control variables is estimated for the panel of fourteen OECD countries during the period...