contracts with the incumbent. When discrimination is impossible, the game resembles a stag-hunt (coordination) game in which the … induces more generous contract terms from the seller. When discrimination and communication are possible, the exclusion rate …

monetary poverty and inequality. Intra-household gender discrimination has been widely shown to shape expenditure decisions … dominated by gender discrimination among household members. Estimates for Chile show a substantial worsening of poverty and … inequality under such allocation rules. This suggests that intra-household discrimination deserves some of the attention …

urban areas. However, this education discrimination against male children has been decreasing over the years. It is also …