For Indonesia's agricultural sector to continue to make a significant sustainable social and economic contribution, it will need to undergo a transformation. While the contribution of Indonesia's agriculture sector to national gross domestic product (13 percent) has declined greatly over the...

The Government of Indonesia is aiming to diversify the country's food system by developing and strengthening high-value-added and more nutrient-rich value chains. In this regard, the government is focusing on diversifying into horticulture and small ruminant livestock. Undertaking Value Chain...

This background paper aims to provide an assessment of the issues and options in promoting digital agriculture in Indonesia, within the broader technology landscape of the country, with the primary aim of informing the design of the proposed World Bank investment project. The study considers...

This report aims to inform the current debate over the taxation of kreteks in Indonesia by examining clove-farming livelihoods. It presents results from a comprehensive, household-level, economically-focused survey of 600 clove farmers across the two largest clove-growing regions, Sulawesi and...

This report aims to contribute to the policy debate over the reform of the Indonesian tobacco excise tax system by reporting results of a nationally representative survey of and focus group discussion with smallholder tobacco farmers that examine their livelihoods and how tobacco tax reform may...