Like many other countries, aggregate consumption constitutes a major portion of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in Pakistan. Consumption decisions determine savings decisions. In long term growth literature, differences in long term growth had been explained to a large extent by differences in the...

Islamic finance is a set of financial institutions representing a connected financial architecture that works based on prescribed Shari’ah principles. Growth in the industry has been stellar, but, certain principles, the strategic direction and the practices do not warrant celebration yet....

Savings rate in Pakistan is one of the lowest in the regional countries. As a result, investment to GDP ratio has been dismally low as well. Low investment results in low capital formation and hence lower long term growth and hence low levels of development. The long term growth literature from...

Security prices in efficient markets reflect all relevant information. Past price formations and even fundamental analysis cannot guarantee abnormal returns consistently to any pre-identified strategy or market participant, be they novice or expert traders. There have been various studies done...

According to Islamic principles for investments in stocks, market price per share should be greater than net liquid assets per share. It may suggest that this principle restricts investments in the stock of liquid companies. Creditors prefer a favorable Current and Quick ratio but shareholders...